Johannes Vermeer's "The Art of Painting" or "The Allegory of Painting"

Nationality: Dutch Born-Died: 1632-1675
Creation Date: c. 1666
Size: 51 × 43 inch (130 × 110 cm)
Media: Oil on canvas
Location: Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

This is one of the most famous Vermeer paintings and there exists a great deal of writing about it's history and meaning.  Incidentally, between 1942 and 1945 this painting was owned by...Adolph Hitler!